Conclusions: Joint aspirate values, especially %PMN, are valuable in diagnosing SA. Percentage of polymorphonuclear (%PMN) was also significantly greater in C-SA (81.1%) and S-SA (80.9%) than in Other (57.9%) and Other-R (63.3%). Aspirate white blood cell (WBC) was significantly greater in both C-SA (92,000 cells/hpf) and S-SA (54,000) than in Other (10,000) and Other-R (18,000) patients. Fever and non-weight bearing prior to admission were useful predictors of SA, though in C-SA patients, 21% did not have fever and 23% could weight bear at the time of admission. Diagnostic grouping was as follows: C-SA=44, S-SA=45, Other=83 (Other-R=21). Patients were placed in the following four categories: “culture confirmed SA” (C-SA), “suspected SA” (S-SA), “Other,” and “Other-Rheumatologic” (Other-R), a subcategory of “Other.” Results: Most common sites of aspiration were the knee (55%) and hip (29%). Recorded measures included age, gender, duration of symptoms, fever history, weight-bearing status, aspiration results, serum results, and antibiotic administration. Methods: One hundred sixty-six patients who underwent 172 joint aspirations at the authors’ institution between and were retrospectively identified. This study identifies the best joint aspirate values in diagnosing SA in all joints. ![]() Despite potential for infection in all major joints, most diagnostic criteria are based on values from the hip. Purpose: Clinical presentation of pediatric septic arthritis (SA) can be similar to other joint pathologies.
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